Words That Start With Shal 5 Letters

Words That Start With Shal 5 Letters – “Gaoidhealg” redirects here. For a shared literary form that was used from the 13th century to the 16th–18th century, see Classical Gaelic.

L2 speaker: unknown (total number of people (aged 3 and over in ROI) who claimed to know Irish in April 2016 was 1,761,420)

Words That Start With Shal 5 Letters

Proportion of respondents who said they could speak Irish in Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland polls in 2011

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Is a Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language family, which is part of the Indo-European language family.

And was the first language of the population until the 19th century, when Glish gradually became dominant, especially in the last decades of the culture. Irish is still spoken as a first language in a small number of areas of certain counties such as Cork, Donegal, Galway and Kerry, as well as smaller areas of counties Mayo, Meath and Waterford. It is also spoken by a larger group of habitual but non-traditional speakers, mostly in urban areas where the majority are speakers of the second language. The number of daily users outside the education system in Ireland is approximately 73,000 (1.5%) and the total number of people (aged 3 and over) who claimed to be able to speak Irish in April 2016 was 1,761,420, representing 39 .8% corresponds.

For most of recorded Irish history, Irish was the dominant language of the Irish people, who took it with them to other areas such as Scotland and the Isle of Man, where Middle Irish gave rise to Scottish Gaelic and Manx. In the 1890s it was also widely spread across Canada for a time, with an estimated 200,000–250,000 daily Canadian speakers of Irish.

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A unique dialect of Irish developed on the island of Newfoundland before falling out of use in the early 20th century.

Irish has the oldest vernacular literature in Western Europe with a writing system, Ogham, dating from at least the 4th century AD, which was gradually replaced by the Latin script from the 5th century AD. On the island, the language has three main dialects: Munster, Connacht and Ulster. All three have differences in speech and spelling. There is also a “standard written form” proposed by a parliamentary committee in the 1950s. The traditional Irish alphabet, an 18-letter variant of the Latin alphabet, was replaced by the standard Latin alphabet (albeit with 7–8 letters used mainly in loanwords).

Irish has constitutional status as the national and first official language of the Republic of Ireland and is an officially recognized minority language in Northern Ireland. It is also one of the official languages ​​of the European Union. The public body Foras na Gaeilge is responsible for promoting the language throughout the island. Irish has no regulatory body, but the standard modern written form is governed by the Parliamentary Service and New Vocabulary by a voluntary committee with university input. The present-day areas of Ireland where Irish is still spoken as a first language on a daily basis are collectively known as the Gaeltacht.

In An Caighdean Oifigiúil (“the official [written] standard”), the name of the Gaeilge language, from the South Connacht form, is spelled Gaedhilge before the spelling reform of 1948, which was originally the gitive of Gaedhealg, the form used in the classical language. Gaelic.

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The modern spelling results from dropping the mud ⟨dh⟩ in Gaedhilge. Older spellings include Gaoidhealg [ˈɡeːʝəlˠɡ] in Classical Gaelic and Goídelc [ˈɡoiðelˠɡ] in Old Irish. Goidelic, used to denote a language family, is derived from an Old Irish term.

Donyms of the language in various modern Irish dialects include: Gaeilge [ˈɡeːlʲɟə] in South Connacht, Gae(dh)ilic /Gaeilig [ˈɡeːlʲɪc] or Gaedhlag [ˈɡeːlˠəɡ] andlːlˠəɡ] in North Connacht, Gae(dh)ilic /Gaeilig [ˈɡeːlʲɪc] or Gaedhlag [ˈɡeːlˠəɡ] andlːlˡəɡ] and irnishe/Inisheɡn. Gaelainn [ˈɡeːl̪ˠɪn̠ʲ] in Munster, Ireland.

Gaeilge also has a wider meaning, including the Gaelic of Scotland and the Isle of Man, as well as Ireland. If the context requires, they are distinguished as Gaeilge na hAlban, Gaeilge Mhanann and Gaeilge na hÉireann respectively.

In Glish (including Hiberno-glish), the language is usually referred to as Irish, as well as Gaelic and Irish Gaelic.

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The term Irish Gaelic can be seen when talking about the relationship between the three Goidelic languages ​​(Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx).

And if the context is clear, it may be used without reservation to refer to each language individually. If the context is specific but unclear, the term may be qualified as Irish Gaelic, Scottish Gaelic, or Manx Gaelic. Historically, the name “Erse” was also sometimes used in Scots and th in glish to refer to Irish;

Goidelic is a synonym of Gaelic, used mainly in linguistic typology and historical linguistics. Goidel and Brittonic together form the insular Celtic languages.

Writt Irish is first attested in Ogham inscriptions from the 4th century AD, a phase of the language known as Primitive Irish. These writings have been found throughout Ireland and on the west coast of Great Britain. Primitive Irish changed to Old Irish in the 5th century. Old Irish, dating from the 6th century, used Latin and is attested mainly marginally in Latin manuscripts. During this time, the Irish language absorbed some Latin words, some via Old Welsh, including ecclesiastical terms: examples are espag (bishop) from episcopus and Domhnach (Sunday, dominica).

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By the 10th century, Old Irish had evolved into Middle Irish, which was spoken throughout Ireland, the Isle of Man and parts of Scotland. It is the language of a large body of literature, including the Ulster Cycle. From the 12th century, Middle Irish began to develop into Modern Irish in Ireland, Scottish Gaelic in Scotland and the Manx language in the Isle of Man.

Early Modern Irish, dating from the 13th century, was the basis of the literary language of Ireland and Gaelic-speaking Scotland. Modern Irish, as evidenced by the works of such writers as Geoffrey Keating, dates from the 17th century and has been a medium of popular literature ever since.

Since the 18th century, the language has lost ground in the east of the country. The reasons for this shift were complex, but resulted from a number of factors:

The change was characterized by diglossia (two languages ​​used by the same community in different social and economic situations) and transitional bilingualism (a monoglot Irish-speaking grandparent with a bilingual child and a monoglot English-speaking grandchild). In the mid-18th century, Glish became the language of the Catholic middle class, the Catholic Church, and public intellectuals, especially in the east of the country. As the value of glish became more and more remote, the banning of Irish in schools had the sanction of parts.

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Once it became clear that emigration to the United States and Canada was likely for a large part of the population, the importance of learning Glish became relevant. This allowed new immigrants to find work in areas other than agriculture. Due to emigration to the United States due to the Great Famine, it is estimated that a quarter to a third of the immigrants were Irish-speaking.

The Irish language was not as peripheral to the modernization of Ireland in the 19th century as is often assumed. In the first half of the century there were still around three million people for whom Irish was a primary language, and their numbers alone made them a cultural and social force. Irish speakers often insisted on using the language in law courts (evh when they knew Glish) and Irish was also common in business transactions. The language was heavily involved in the “Pious Revolution”, which meant the standardization of Catholic religious practice and was also widely used in a political context. Up to the time of the Great Famine, and even afterwards, the language was used by all classes, Irish being the language of both town and country.

This linguistic dynamism was reflected in the efforts of some public intellectuals to counter the decline of the language. In the d 19th century, they started the Gaelic Revival in an attempt to encourage the learning and use of Irish, even though few adult students knew the language.

The bearer of the revival was the Gaelic League (Conradh na Gaeilge) and special emphasis was placed on folk tradition, which is particularly rich in Irish. It also sought to develop journalism and modern literature.

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Although it has been noted that the Catholic Church played a role in the decline of the Irish language before the Gaelic Revival, the Protestant Church of Ireland also made little effort to dare to use Irish in a religious context. An Irish translation of the Old Testament by Leinsterman Muircheartach Ó Cíong, commissioned by Bishop Bedell, was published after 1685 together with a translation of the New Testament. Otherwise, Anglicization was synonymous with “civilizing” the native Irish. Today, modern Irish speakers in the church are pushing for language renewal.

It is estimated that there